BEFORE dawn on 5 May, two pirates armed with knives boarded a ship in the Sierra Leone port of Freetown. They took the duty cadet hostage, stole some mooring ropes then slipped back into the darkness. No one saw them coming, but a new kind of intelligent radar might have done.
The system, called WatchStander, uses radar mounted on either side of a ship to scan the surrounding water for small objects that look like they are moving to intercept. It can automatically sound an alarm and dispense countermeasures to deter the approaching vessels.
The system is meant to tackle one of the biggest issues with preventing piracy at sea: spotting them coming. "The problem is that pirates use skiffs – small, fast fishing boats with a very low profile on the surface of the ocean," says Giacomo Persi Paoli, a piracy analyst with the RAND Corporation in Cambridge, UK.
Large ships' radar systems are designed to pick up large objects that are collision risks and to filter out waves. This means they often miss skiffs. By contrast, WatchStander's radar uses shorter radio wavelengths, allowing it to see smaller objects.
If WatchStander detects a skiff that's heading to intercept the ship, it will automatically target the boat it deems most threatening with a countermeasure. The current system shines a powerful strobe light designed to confuse incoming pirates.
In a test earlier this year, WatchStander was deployed on a ship carrying liquid natural gas through the Strait of Hormuz, south of Iran. The system detected a swarm of Iranian fishing boats crossing the ship's path long before anyone on board saw them. "These were 12 Iranian skiffs that came bowling past us. You couldn't see them at first. We were getting ready to run a test on the system when all of a sudden the alarm went off," says WatchStander founder David Rigsby. "The ship's crew said they are smugglers, you see them all the time out in the Strait."
Paoli likes the idea of the anti-pirate system, but worries that allowing it to automatically activate countermeasures might unfairly target innocent fishing skiffs or other boats. "The wakes of these big commercial ships attract fish to the surface," he says. "The fishermen wait for ships to pass and then go full speed behind along the wake and catch the fish."
This article appeared in print under the headline "Pirates incoming! Smart radar stands watch"
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